About Time
The three letter sign of the year is:
ז ח ג
Rosh Hashanah is on Shabbat – ז, Marchashvan and Kislev deficient ( 29 days each) ח Passover falls on Tuesday ג
This is the Eighth year in a 19-year cycle, therefore a leap year, 13th months, 383 days, Shabbatot 54
Last time this letter sign occurred was 27 years ago
Special occurrences during the year:
Rosh Chodesh is on Shabbat 3 times, 1. 1st of Tishrei, 2. Rosh Chodesh Adar א, 2. Rosh Chodesh Tammuz.
“ותודיענו” is added and the Kiddush of יקנה”ז is said in Israel – once Rosh Hashanah, abroad 3 times, Rosh Hashanh, Sukkot, Simchat torah.
The combination of a leap year and a “deficient ” year creates several more interesting events.
Parshat Maketz will not be on Hanukkah, which is relatively rare, the previous time was 20 years ago. The haftarah read is “ויקץ שלמה”.
1st night of Hanukkah and the last day are on Friday: a rare event, only 10% of the years.
Ten of Tevet fasting on Shabbat eve – the fast falls on Shabbat eve and is not postponed, 19.9% of the years.
Parshat Zakor on Shabbat Teruma.
Purim on Saturday night.
The reading of the both haftorah for the two parshiyot, Aheri Mot and Kedoshim, something that hadn’t happened in twenty-seven years!
To explain this phenomenon – in all simple years only one Haphtora is recited, in most leap years, one of the parshahs will be Rosh Chodesh, or the eve of Rosh Chodesh, or on Shabbat HaGadol. According to the Ashkenazi custom, the Haftara of Achrei Mot is less difficult, therefore the common custom is that when only one Haftara is recited, and the Haftara of the second parsha is recited, the Haftara of the Kedoshim ” הלא כבני קושיים” and not the Haftara of Achrei Mot. Therefore, according to this custom, the reading of the Haftar Achrei Mot is the rarest of the Haftorot.
This year is the eighth year in the Leap year cycle. The leap years are גו”ח אדז”ט, years: 3, 6, 8, 11, 14, 17, 19. Distinctive quality of the eighth year, is that only two years have passed since the previous leap year, this is a simple year between two leap years leap-simple leap, L S L. This occurs “only” after the two cycles of 3 years: (S(1)-S(2)-l(3) – S4)-S(5)-L(6) – (7)- L(8).
The 19th year is also a leap year with a simple year between two leap years, l-S-L. But it comes after 3 cycles of 3 years: S(9)-S(10)-L(11) – S(12)-S(13)-L(14) – S(15)-S(16)-L(17) – S(18) – L (19).
A simple year is about 11 days shorter than a solar year, and a leap year is about 19 days longer. When there is a simple year between two leap years, the first leap year adds 30 days, the simple year recedes 11 and the second leap year adds 30 days, a total addition of 49 days (before that, in the two cycles of the 3 years, S S L the days were decreased by 6 days). Therefore, the holidays that occur after Adar A happen on late civil calendar dates.
This year, 5784 is the eighth in the 19-year cycle, the holidays that fall after Adar A are late in the civil calendar. Therefore, the date of Passover is 4/23, far beyond the vernal equinox, and the holidays of Tishrei and Hanukkah, 5785, will also be late In the civil calendar, Rosh Hashanah is on 10/3, and Hanukkah is on 12/26.
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